Each topic below explains the evidence, the business problem it creates, how GLOBEIR solves it, the benefits to your organisation, and how your data stays private and secure.
1. Site Selection and Land Suitability
Site selection is a multi-criteria overlay problem. A parcel is attractive only if several conditions hold at once: the master plan permits the intended use, the parcel has road frontage and reasonable travel time to jobs and transit, trunk water, sewer and power lines are nearby, the terrain does not demand heavy earthwork, and the land is not exposed to flooding. GIS turns each condition into a map layer, weights it and combines the layers into a suitability surface on which every candidate parcel can be scored.
The public layers needed for this are improving quickly. Under the AMRUT sub-scheme on GIS-based master plans, 461 cities have been onboarded, final geospatial databases prepared for 437 and GIS-based master plans finalised for 292, while a second sub-scheme covers 875 Class-II towns [6]. The Ministry notes that these plans integrate existing land use, transport networks, water supply, sewerage, drainage, public amenities, environmentally sensitive areas and proposed infrastructure, and that geo-databases for 343 towns have been uploaded to the PM Gati Shakti National Master Plan portal [6]. Hazard screening matters as much: NDMA's flood guidelines record that 40 million hectares of India's 329 million hectares are prone to floods, and recommend flood plain zoning and building bye-laws for flood-prone areas [7].
Business problem
Land teams in growing cities receive a steady flow of offers through brokers and landowners. Each must be checked against zoning, access, utilities and physical constraints, usually by reading plan documents, consulting local contacts and visiting the site. The process is slow and inconsistent between team members, so promising parcels are lost to quicker buyers while weak ones absorb weeks of diligence before they are rejected. Decisions are also hard to explain to an investment committee when the reasoning lives in notes rather than on a map.
Our solution
- A suitability model for each target city that combines master plan land use and zoning, road and transit access, utility proximity, social infrastructure, terrain and slope, and flood and drainage layers [6][7].
- Criteria and weights agreed with the client's acquisition and design teams, so the score reflects the actual product brief (plotted development, group housing, warehousing, retail and so on).
- A ranked parcel list with the reasons behind each score, shown on a WebGIS map and linked to imagery for desk review, using GLOBEIR's GIS mapping and geospatial data science services.
- Optional 3D terrain views from 3D mapping and digital twins for sloping or large sites.
Benefits
- Unsuitable land is filtered out at the desk before site visits and legal costs are incurred.
- The same criteria are applied to every offer, making decisions consistent and explainable to an investment committee.
- Industry example: authorities are now publishing GIS-based master plans and geo-databases that can be overlaid directly with candidate parcels [6].
- Flood exposure is considered at the screening stage rather than after purchase, in line with NDMA's emphasis on flood plain zoning [7].
Privacy & data security
- Suitability analysis uses public planning, infrastructure and hazard layers; it does not require any personal data.
- The client's target areas and shortlists are commercially sensitive and are visible only to authorised users through role-based access.
- Acquisition pipelines are never shared with other clients or used to train models for others.
2. Land Due Diligence
Land due diligence asks whether the parcel on offer is the parcel on record, whether the seller can transfer it, and whether anything on the ground contradicts the documents. Geospatial methods support the physical and locational part of that work: placing the title boundary on the cadastral map, linking it to the parcel identifier, comparing it with recent imagery, and checking it in the field.
India's land information system now supports this far better than a decade ago. The Government reports that cadastral maps have been digitised for 97.37 per cent of the country, that citizens in 19 states can download digitally signed land records, that banks in 406 districts can verify mortgages online, and that 88.6 per cent of sub-registrar offices are integrated with revenue offices for automatic mutation [3]. The ULPIN, a 14-digit code based on geo-coordinates, had been assigned to over 36 crore land parcels in 29 States and UTs by November 2025 [3]. The NAKSHA urban survey had flown 116 urban local bodies, about 5,915 sq km, by December 2025 [3]. In rural inhabited areas, SVAMITVA drone surveys using CORS technology have covered 3.29 lakh villages, with 3.10 crore property cards prepared and 2.65 crore distributed; the Ministry notes these high-accuracy maps help reduce property disputes and that loans can be availed against the cards [5]. Under DILRMP 3.0, the Department of Land Resources is developing Core GIS and Land Stack software, which the Minister said would help immediate and accurate valuation of land parcels and speed up bank loan approvals [4].
Business problem
Many costly property disputes start with a boundary or access problem that nobody mapped. Title papers may describe a parcel that overlaps a neighbour, lacks legal access, includes a water channel or has been partly built upon. Physical checks are often a single site visit and a few photographs that are not tied to coordinates, so legal teams and lenders cannot easily confirm what was inspected. Encumbrance and title searches remain a legal task, but without a mapped view of the parcel, physical risks are discovered late.
Our solution
- Digitisation of the title boundary and reconciliation with the cadastral map, survey number and ULPIN where the state provides it [3].
- Use of SVAMITVA property card maps for rural inhabited areas and NAKSHA outputs in pilot towns where they are available [5][3].
- Comparison of the boundary with recent satellite imagery or a fresh drone survey to check access, structures, encroachment, water bodies and land cover, using GLOBEIR's remote sensing work.
- Overlay of flood-prone areas, drainage lines and other hazards [7].
- Field verification of boundary points and access with geotagged photographs in the My GLOBEIR app, with offline capture for remote sites.
- A mapped diligence pack that the client's lawyers combine with their title and encumbrance searches.
Benefits
- Boundary, access and hazard issues surface before money is committed.
- Legal, technical and lending teams work from the same mapped record of the parcel.
- Industry example: national programmes now provide geo-referenced parcel IDs, digital cadastral maps and online mortgage checks that diligence can link to directly [3].
- Rural property cards prepared from high-accuracy drone maps give a mapped base for transactions and lending in village areas [5].
Privacy & data security
- Land records and title documents name individual owners; under the DPDP Act, data about an identifiable individual is personal data [16]. GLOBEIR handles owner details only as needed for the agreed diligence purpose.
- Drone surveys finer than 1 m horizontal accuracy are created and processed only in India, in line with the DST geospatial guidelines, and are never sent to servers of a non-Indian entity [14][15].
- Diligence packs are stored with role-based access and audit logs, and are deleted or returned at the end of the engagement.
3. Market and Catchment Analysis
Catchment analysis estimates who a project can serve. For residential projects it typically combines travel time to employment hubs, schools, hospitals and transit, the size and growth of the surrounding area, and the supply of competing projects. For retail, office and warehousing it adds visibility, access from arterial roads, the reach of competing centres and the location of business clusters. GIS makes catchments travel-time based rather than simple circles, which gives far more realistic demand estimates.
Demand drivers in India are partly policy-led. PMAY-Urban 2.0, approved by the Cabinet in August 2024, plans financial assistance to 1 crore urban families to construct, purchase or rent a house within five years, with government assistance of Rs 2.30 lakh crore and an expected investment of Rs 10 lakh crore [11]. Supply information is also becoming more visible: RERA requires registered projects to publish booking and status information each quarter on the authority's website [1], and the Unified RERA Portal launched in September 2025 aims to build a nationwide database of projects to help prospective buyers make informed decisions [2].
Business problem
Product and pricing decisions are often based on a handful of comparable projects and broker views. Without mapped catchments and supply, a developer can launch a ticket size that the catchment cannot absorb, or add to a micro-market where several similar projects are already unsold. Commercial developers face the same risk with retail formats and office specifications. The cost of a wrong product shows up as slow sales and price cuts years after the land was bought.
Our solution
- Drive-time and walk-time catchments around the site using the road network, with transit stations and planned infrastructure added.
- Area-level profiling of each catchment using public statistics, employment and commercial nodes, and amenities such as schools and hospitals. Profiles are built for places, not for groups of people.
- Mapping of registered and pipeline projects from RERA websites [1][2] to show competing supply and absorption.
- Retail and commercial reach analysis that shows overlap with existing centres.
- Outputs on a WebGIS map and as tables for the feasibility model, with Heatmap views of supply and amenity density.
Benefits
- Unit mix, ticket size and format are tested against the actual catchment before design is frozen.
- Supply pressure is visible early, so launches can be phased or repositioned.
- Industry example: large programmes such as PMAY-U 2.0 shift demand towards specific price bands and urban locations, which catchment analysis can map [11].
- The same catchment model can be rerun for every new site, building a consistent internal benchmark.
Privacy & data security
- Catchment profiles use aggregated, area-level statistics only; no individual or household is identified.
- Analysis is based on places, infrastructure and services, and never on the personal characteristics of residents.
- Any customer enquiry or sales data supplied by the client is pseudonymised before it is used to calibrate demand estimates.
4. RERA Project Disclosures and Geo-location
RERA turned project disclosure into a statutory, public obligation. Under section 4(2)(f), the registration application must include the location details of the project, with clear demarcation of the land and its boundaries, including the latitude and longitude of the end points of the project [1]. The promoter must also declare under section 4(2) that 70 per cent of the amounts realised from allottees to be held in a separate account for construction and land cost, and section 11 requires the promoter to update, every quarter, the list of apartments booked, approvals taken and pending, and the status of the project on the authority's website [1]. Projects up to 500 square metres or eight apartments are exempt, although states may lower this threshold [1].
Enforcement and data use are maturing. By September 2025, 35 States and UTs had established authorities, 1,51,113 projects and 1,06,545 agents were registered and 1,47,383 complaints had been disposed of [2]. At the same meeting, the Central Advisory Council discussed delays in filing quarterly progress reports and said the Unified RERA Portal, by integrating state RERA websites, could help anticipate project delays with AI and other tools [2].
Business problem
Boundary coordinates are sometimes taken from rough sketches or a phone GPS reading at the gate, and may not match the sanctioned layout or the land actually held. Quarterly progress statements are often prepared from site photographs that carry no reliable location or date. When a buyer complaint or regulator query arrives, the promoter must reconstruct evidence from scattered files, and inconsistencies weaken its position.
Our solution
- Ground survey of the project boundary with GNSS equipment, reconciled with the sanctioned layout plan, to provide accurate end-point coordinates for section 4(2)(f) [1].
- A project map that links each phase, tower, plot and common area to its approvals, commencement certificate and registration number.
- Quarterly progress evidence captured with geotagged, time-stamped photographs in the My GLOBEIR app and, where useful, drone orthomosaics, attached to the same map.
- Export of coordinates and progress summaries in formats the compliance team can use for filings, published on a WebMap dashboard for internal review.
Benefits
- Location disclosures match the sanctioned plan and the land held.
- Quarterly updates are supported by dated, location-backed evidence.
- Industry example: regulators are moving towards a national project database and data-driven monitoring of delays [2], which favours promoters with clean, consistent records.
- Compliance, project and sales teams work from one source of truth for each project.
Privacy & data security
- Allottee and booking data required for RERA filings is personal data; GLOBEIR's project map can work with unit status alone, without buyer identities, unless the client asks otherwise [16].
- Field photographs are taken for work purposes only; field staff tracking in the app is optional and opt-in with a persistent notification.
- Compliance records are kept with audit logs so that every change to coordinates or progress evidence can be traced.
5. Construction Progress Monitoring with Drones and Satellite Imagery
Drone photogrammetry converts overlapping aerial photographs into orthomosaics, elevation models and 3D point clouds. Repeated at fixed intervals, these surveys show what has been built, how much earth has moved and which work fronts are active, and they can be compared with the schedule. A peer-reviewed study in Sensors set out a method for periodic UAV recording of physical progress, comparing photogrammetric point clouds with planned progress in a 4D BIM environment on a reinforced concrete residential building, and found it effective both for monitoring and for communicating progress to stakeholders [10]. Satellite imagery adds a lower-cost, wider view: it cannot measure floors as precisely, but it can show whether activity is continuing on every site in a portfolio.
The public sector already uses location-backed progress tracking at scale. Under PMAY-U, projects are geotagged across five stages, from grounding and foundation through superstructure, finishing and external development, to completion, and the unified portal uses geo-tagging of houses at different stages to support fund release and monitoring [12]. The regulatory environment for drones is also open: the Drone Rules, 2021 and the airspace map on DGCA's Digital Sky platform allow drone operations in green zones up to 400 feet without any permission [13]. Adoption in the Indian construction industry nonetheless remains limited; a 2025 study cites only about 30 per cent of firms using drones against 60 per cent in developed markets, with cost, training and regulation among the main factors [9].
Business problem
Delayed and stalled projects are among the most serious issues in Indian real estate, and they remain a priority for regulators [2]. Head offices, lenders and investors typically depend on monthly reports prepared by site teams, which can lag reality or vary in quality between sites. Without an independent, repeatable measure of physical progress, slippage is noticed late, disbursements may not reflect work done and quarterly RERA updates are harder to substantiate.
Our solution
- Drone survey programmes at an agreed frequency for each site, planned within the airspace zones on the Digital Sky map [13].
- Processing into orthomosaics, elevation models and point clouds, with measurement of earthwork volumes, floors completed and work fronts, through GLOBEIR's 3D mapping and digital twins service.
- Comparison of measured progress with the planned schedule, and with design models where the client has them [10].
- Monthly satellite-based activity checks across larger portfolios using remote sensing and change detection.
- Progress dashboards by project, phase and block through Administration Monitoring style views and the WebMap.
Benefits
- An independent, comparable record of progress across all sites.
- Earlier warning of slippage, so management can act before delays become disputes.
- Industry example: geotagged stage-wise monitoring is already used across PMAY-U to keep large-scale projects on schedule [12].
- Industry example: peer-reviewed work shows UAV photogrammetry is effective for recording physical progress and communicating it to stakeholders [10].
- Better evidence for lender disbursements and RERA quarterly updates [1].
Privacy & data security
- Drone imagery may capture neighbouring properties and people; flights are confined to the site and its approach, and incidental personal details are not analysed or shared.
- High-resolution imagery and point clouds are stored and processed in India in line with the DST geospatial guidelines [14][15].
- Progress data is visible only to roles the client approves, such as project managers, head office and lenders.
6. Property Portfolio Management and Valuation Support
For owners of land banks, rental assets, retail chains or branch networks, a portfolio map is the starting point for managing value and risk. Each asset is geocoded and linked to its lease, occupancy, value, approvals and condition, and overlaid with infrastructure, hazard and market layers. The same location factors feed valuation support. Hedonic models explain price as a function of the property's own features and its location, such as distance to transit, highways and business districts.
Peer-reviewed evidence from India shows how strongly location factors can move prices. A 2025 hedonic study of 300 plotted residential properties in Gurugram from 2007 to 2024 found that properties within 500 metres of a metro station saw price growth of 20 to 25 per cent after the project was announced and about 30 per cent after operation began, relative to earlier trends; the premium faded beyond 1 km and disappeared beyond 1.5 to 2 km, and prices fell on average 12 per cent per kilometre from the nearest station [8]. The study also found plot size, proximity to the CBD and highway access to be significant [8]. On the public side, the NGDRS registration system lets buyers see circle rates and calculate property valuation at prevailing rates in 17 States and UTs [3], and the Land Stack under DILRMP 3.0 is intended to support immediate and accurate valuation of land parcels [4].
Business problem
Portfolio data usually sits in separate spreadsheets for leases, valuations, maintenance and approvals. Asset managers find it hard to see how much value sits in one micro-market, which assets lie in flood-prone areas or how a new metro line or highway will change values across holdings. Valuation assumptions about location are often applied unevenly between valuers and over time.
Our solution
- A geocoded portfolio database linking every asset to its lease, value, condition and approvals, published on a WebGIS dashboard.
- Location factors computed for every asset and transaction: distance to transit, highways and business districts, amenity access, flood exposure [7] and nearby planned infrastructure [6].
- Hedonic and machine learning models built with the client's valuation team to explain location-driven price differences [8], with explanations of each factor's effect.
- Hazard and concentration views showing the share of portfolio value in high-risk areas.
- Geotagged asset condition audits through the My GLOBEIR app and digital micro mapping of large campuses.
Benefits
- One map-based view of value, lease and risk across the portfolio.
- Consistent, documented location assumptions that support valuers and investment committees.
- Industry example: peer-reviewed research quantifies large, highly localised metro proximity premiums that portfolio models can capture [8].
- Early sight of assets exposed to hazards or to infrastructure changes nearby.
Privacy & data security
- Tenant and lease data is pseudonymised for analysis; models use property and location features, not tenant identities.
- Valuation models are built only on the client's data and approved public sources and are never used for any other client.
- Model outputs support, and do not replace, valuations by qualified valuers.