Each topic below explains the evidence, the business problem it creates, how GLOBEIR solves it, the benefits to your organisation, and how your data stays private and secure.
1. Coverage and White-Space Analysis
Coverage analysis shows where a network reaches today, where it is weak and where nobody is served at all. 5G is now available in 99.9 per cent of districts, and by 31 December 2025 operators had installed 5.18 lakh 5G base stations, present in 1.12 lakh villages [2]. DoT notes that 5G deployment in any location still depends on techno-commercial feasibility, device take-up and right-of-way permissions [2], so the remaining gaps are the hardest and most expensive to close.
Coverage is also now a public, regulated output. TRAI's 2024 quality-of-service regulations require every mobile operator to publish technology-wise (2G/3G/4G/5G) geospatial coverage maps on its website, update them within three months of commissioning, decommissioning or optimisation, keep a change log for audit, and let users search by technology, latitude and longitude, or district [7][8].
As an international example, the UK regulator Ofcom reports coverage at premises level and publishes it as open data: full fibre reached 78 per cent of UK residential premises in July 2025, but only 60 per cent of rural premises in England against 81 per cent of urban ones [9]. The same urban-rural split is what Indian white-space analysis has to find, village by village.
Business problem
Planners need to know which villages, roads and habitations remain unserved or poorly served, how many people and institutions each gap affects, and whether a new tower, a small cell or a fibre extension is the cheapest fix. Coverage predictions, drive-test files and settlement data usually sit in separate tools, so prioritisation is slow and coverage maps fall out of date between updates.
Our solution
- A single spatial model that combines the operator's sites, coverage predictions and drive-test results with Census settlements, roads, terrain and anchor institutions such as schools and health centres.
- White-space ranking by population, institutions and estimated cost to serve, with options compared for new sites, small cells and fibre.
- Map layers that refresh as sites are commissioned or changed, delivered on WebGIS and as heat maps of weak coverage.
Benefits
- Rollout spend aimed at the gaps with the most people and institutions.
- Coverage layers that are easier to keep within TRAI's three-month update window [7].
- A clear view of rural gaps, which an industry example from the UK shows can trail urban coverage by a wide margin [9].
- One evidence base for network, regulatory and business teams.
Privacy & data security
- Coverage analysis runs on site, signal and settlement-level data; it does not need subscriber identities.
- Where drive-test or crowd-sourced measurements are used, device identifiers are removed or pseudonymised before analysis.
- Unpublished site plans and coverage predictions are commercially sensitive and are kept under role-based access with audit logs.
2. Fibre Network Planning and BharatNet
Fibre is the backbone that every tower, 5G site and broadband connection depends on. India's optical fibre grew from 19.35 lakh route km in 2019 to 42.36 lakh route km [1]. As of October 2025, BharatNet had laid 6,94,711 km of fibre and made 2,09,809 gram panchayats service ready on fibre, with 5,034 more connected by satellite [1]. A March 2026 release puts the total at about 2,17,805 gram panchayats service ready as of February 2026 [4].
The Amended BharatNet Programme, approved on 4 August 2023, will provide fibre to about 2.64 lakh gram panchayats and about 3.8 lakh non-GP villages on demand, through a Design, Build, Operate and Maintain model run by project implementing agencies [3]. Its outlay is Rs 1.39 lakh crore, and the assets will be national assets owned by Digital Bharat Nidhi, open to all service providers on a non-discriminatory basis [1].
National Broadband Mission 2.0 (2025-30) sets clear targets: operational fibre to 2.70 lakh villages with 95 per cent uptime by 2030, broadband to 90 per cent of anchor institutions, and 100 per cent mapping of government PSU fibre on PM GatiShakti by 2026, with that platform used to plan further BharatNet work [1].
Business problem
Rural fibre is built in phases by different agencies, and route records often arrive as drawings, spreadsheets or vendor files that do not line up. Planners struggle to see existing ducts, crossings and shared corridors, ring designs are hard to check, and operations teams inherit networks whose joint and chamber locations are uncertain. With uptime now a national target, poor records translate directly into longer outages.
Our solution
- Digitisation of existing routes, chambers, joint closures and points of presence into a clean, geo-referenced network layer.
- Route planning along roads and utility corridors using terrain, crossings, land use and existing ducts.
- Ring and redundancy design for gram panchayat connectivity, checked for length and shared corridors on the map.
- Data prepared in formats suited to PM GatiShakti and the client's own inventory, shared through WebGIS.
Benefits
- Permit-ready routes documented from the planning stage.
- A single network record that planning, operations and sharing partners can rely on.
- Data aligned with the national push to map government fibre on PM GatiShakti [1].
- Better support for the 95 per cent uptime target, because faults can be located against accurate route data [1].
Privacy & data security
- Fibre routes, points of presence and splice data are critical infrastructure information; access is restricted by role and every view and edit is logged.
- High-accuracy route data is stored and processed in India, in line with DST's geospatial guidelines for data finer than the threshold accuracy [13][14].
- For government and BharatNet clients, deployment can be in a MeitY-empanelled government cloud, on-premise or air-gapped [15].
3. Right of Way and PM GatiShakti
Right of way decides how fast a network can be built. The Telecommunications (Right of Way) Rules, 2024, notified on 17 September 2024 and in force since 1 January 2025, set a single-window approval system, clear timelines and uniform procedures across states and local bodies, and require public entities building infrastructure to make common ducts available [1]. DoT's guidance on the rules shows time-bound examination of applications, with deemed permission where a public entity does not decide in time, and provisions for common ducts and cable corridors [6].
The results are measurable. DoT reports that the RoW portal, now part of the Telecom eServices portal, reduced average approval time about 13-fold, from 448 days in 2019 to about 34 days by November 2025, with around a quarter of applications decided within 15 days and 3.81 lakh applications disposed of so far [1]. In 2024 the figure was about 60 days [5].
DoT has also mapped about 13.5 lakh route km of PSU fibre, about 43,000 km of state government fibre, about 8.40 lakh towers carrying 31.31 lakh base stations, and about 3.15 lakh PM-WANI hotspots on the PM GatiShakti National Master Plan platform [1]. Alongside, the Call Before u Dig app lets excavating agencies warn asset owners before digging; its monthly enquiries rose from 1,211 in November 2024 to 11,258 in October 2025 [1].
Business problem
Even with faster approvals, a large rollout involves thousands of route segments and sites, each crossing roads, railways, forests or municipal land owned by different public entities. Teams need to know which authority owns each stretch, which applications are pending, and where crews can safely start work. Excavation alerts are only useful if the owner can quickly check them against an accurate map of its own underground routes.
Our solution
- A WebGIS permit map that overlays planned routes and sites on road, railway, forest and municipal boundaries.
- Each segment tagged with the responsible public entity and its application status (approved, pending, rejected).
- Excavation alerts and civil works overlaid on fibre routes, so field teams can respond to the right segments.
- An administration monitoring view for managers tracking approvals across circles and districts.
Benefits
- Construction scheduled only where approvals are in place.
- Faster responses to excavation alerts, which DoT data show are growing quickly [1].
- Better use of the shorter approval cycle that the 2024 rules have delivered [1].
- A clean record of permissions for audits and disputes.
Privacy & data security
- Permit records contain business and official contact details; these are limited to the roles that need them.
- Underground route maps shared for excavation coordination can be generalised or limited to the affected area rather than the full network.
- Applications and approvals stay on the official government portals; GLOBEIR stores only the status and reference data the client chooses to link.
4. 5G and Tower Site Planning
Good site selection balances coverage gain, backhaul, power, access and permissions. DoT has mapped about 8.40 lakh towers carrying some 31.31 lakh base stations [1], and it notes that new 5G sites depend on techno-commercial feasibility and right-of-way permissions [2]. The 4G Saturation project, approved at Rs 26,316 crore to bring 4G to 24,680 uncovered villages, had 13,142 towers working and covering 19,465 villages by October 2025 [1], and 24,263 mobile towers had been commissioned under 4G Saturation and other mobile projects by February 2026 [4].
National Broadband Mission 2.0 also targets powering 30 per cent of mobile towers with sustainable energy by 2030 [1], which adds solar exposure and power access to the list of site criteria.
Business problem
Every candidate site needs a field survey, landowner contact and permissions before it can be built. Without a desk screening step, survey teams visit locations that fail on line of sight, access, power or fibre proximity. In hilly, forested and remote areas, where most new rural sites now go, those wasted visits are slow and costly.
Our solution
- Terrain, elevation and built-up clutter layers from satellite imagery and digital elevation models.
- Line-of-sight checks for microwave backhaul and screening of candidate tower and small-cell sites.
- Site scoring on coverage gain, access, distance to fibre and power, and suitability for solar.
- 3D terrain views for difficult areas through the Digital Sand Model, and shortlists shared on WebGIS.
Benefits
- Fewer wasted survey visits, because weak candidates are filtered out at the desk.
- Site decisions that consider backhaul and power from the start.
- Support for sustainable-energy targets by checking solar suitability early [1].
- A repeatable method for rural saturation and 5G densification programmes [1][2].
Privacy & data security
- Site shortlists and planned locations are commercially sensitive and are shared only with named project roles.
- Imagery and elevation data at finer than threshold accuracy are processed and stored in India, as DST's guidelines require [13][14].
- Landowner details collected during surveys are kept separate from planning layers and limited to the acquisition team.
5. Field Asset Audits and As-Built Records
A network is only as good as its records. Because BharatNet assets are national assets that must be open to all service providers [1], and because government fibre is being mapped on PM GatiShakti [1], operators and project agencies need towers, routes, chambers, joint closures and points of presence recorded accurately and with location.
Business problem
Inventory systems often list assets that cannot be found, or miss assets that exist on the ground. Route markers are lost, chambers are paved over and as-built drawings are never updated after repairs. Each gap slows planning, complicates infrastructure sharing and adds hours to fault repair.
Our solution
- Audit and as-built forms in the My GLOBEIR app for towers, cabinets, chambers, joints, markers and points of presence.
- GPS coordinates, geotagged photos and checklists captured offline, which suits rural routes with no signal.
- Automatic comparison with existing inventory, with mismatches flagged on a review map.
- Digital micro-mapping of dense urban areas where ducts and street furniture must be recorded in detail.
Benefits
- Inventory that matches the ground, which supports planning, sharing and repairs.
- Evidence-backed records for audits and asset handovers between phases and agencies.
- Cleaner data for national mapping on PM GatiShakti [1].
Privacy & data security
- Field tracking in the My GLOBEIR app is opt-in, shows a persistent notification while active, and is used only for work.
- Photos are captured for asset evidence; teams are briefed to avoid capturing people, and the client can set rules for blurring or excluding such images.
- Under the DPDP Act, field staff location traces are personal data, so they are collected for a stated purpose and kept only as long as needed [10][11].
6. Outage and Network Monitoring
Quality of service is now measured in finer detail. TRAI's 2024 regulations, effective from 1 October 2024, move mobile QoS monitoring from quarterly to monthly and collect network availability at cell level [8]. The cumulative cell downtime benchmark tightens from 2 per cent to 1 per cent from 1 October 2026, a district-level outage of more than four hours must be reported to TRAI within 24 hours, and subscribers in the district are compensated for outages of more than 24 hours [7].
DoT also reports keeping telecom services running through floods, cloudbursts, landslides and cyclones during 2025 [1], a reminder that many outages have a geographic cause.
Business problem
Network operations centres see alarms as long lists of cell and equipment codes. During a fibre cut, power failure or flood, it is hard to tell how many districts are affected, which subscribers fall inside the compensation rules, or where to send crews first. Reporting deadlines run from the start of the outage, so time lost working this out counts against the operator.
Our solution
- A monitoring dashboard that links alarm and performance feeds to sites, routes and district boundaries.
- Live outage extent, duration and likely cause (fibre segment, power, equipment) shown on a map.
- Timers and alerts against the four-hour and 24-hour thresholds [7].
- Crew dispatch with opt-in live tracking and geotagged repair evidence in the My GLOBEIR app.
- Hazard overlays such as flood or cyclone tracks to anticipate and explain outages.
Benefits
- Faster recognition of outages that cross regulatory thresholds [7].
- Better prioritisation of crews during multi-site failures.
- A district-level record that supports reporting to TRAI and compensation decisions [7].
- Clearer insight into recurring fault hotspots for preventive maintenance.
Privacy & data security
- Dashboards use site, cell and district-level data; subscriber-level data is not needed and, where counts are required, they are aggregated.
- Crew locations are visible only to supervisors and only while tracking is switched on.
- Logs needed for incident analysis are retained in India, consistent with CERT-In's 180-day log requirement [12].